The Investigatory Powers (Amendment) Act 2024 (the 2024 Act) received Royal Assent in April 2024. The 2024 Act made targeted changes to the Investigatory Powers Act 2016 (IPA) to enable law enforcement and intelligence agencies to continue to tackle a range of evolving threats in the face of new technologies and increasingly sophisticated terrorist and criminal groups.

The IPA provides a framework for the use and oversight of investigatory powers by the intelligence services, law enforcement, and other public authorities. It helps safeguard people’s privacy by setting out stringent controls over the way these powers are authorised and overseen. It consolidated regulatory oversight of the use of investigatory powers into a single body: the Investigatory Powers Commissioners Office. It also created the ‘double lock’ – the requirement for IPA warrants for the most intrusive powers to be approved both by a Secretary of State and then by a Judicial Commissioner. One of the key cornerstones of the regime is a requirement that public authorities must be able to demonstrate that any use of the powers is necessary and proportionate.

Today I have laid before Parliament the draft Investigatory Powers (Codes of Practice, Review of Notices and Technical Advisory Board) Regulations 2025, which are necessary to implement the 2024 Act. The regulations will bring into force eight new and revised Codes of Practice (the Codes), which have also been laid before Parliament, and which provide operational guidance for public authorities to have regard to when exercising functions to which the Codes relate. They also include a number of provisions relating to the IPA’s notices regime, including to specify what types of changes may be included in the new Notification Notices, introduce timelines for the review of Technical Capability, Data Retention, and National Security Notices, and amend existing regulations in relation to notice processes with regards to membership of the Technical Advisory Board.

These regulations, and the Codes of Practice, have been informed by a public consultation which closed on 6 January 2025. The consultation responses included various suggestions for amendments to the draft Codes of Practice and regulations. We have made several changes as a result, including stylistic changes, further clarity on processes, and changes to the Technology Advisory Board’s membership requirement. A copy of the Government’s response to the consultation has been published on gov.uk.

These regulations are a crucial step in implementing the 2024 Act, which will ensure that the UK’s investigatory powers framework continues to protect our national security and to prevent, investigate, disrupt, and prosecute the most serious crimes. The Government has published an Explanatory Memorandum alongside the regulations.