Part of the debate – in the Senedd at 3:22 pm on 7 December 2016.
David Melding
Conservative
3:22,
7 December 2016
Llywydd, 100 years ago, David Lloyd George became Prime Minister. The Government he formed led the allies to a hard-won victory, massively extended the franchise, and established health and housing as governmental priorities. Wales seemed to find a hero figure—the Arthur of legend. The first man without independent means to become Prime Minister, Lloyd George demonstrated that the Welsh could reach the highest offices of state. Although the Tudors occasionally thought of themselves as Welsh, or at least Shakespeare had those thoughts for them, Lloyd George was Welsh to the core. It was the very source of his energy. As Chancellor of the exchequer, he had already reshaped the state. After his people’s budget of 1909, the primary purpose of the state was not to protect property but to promote the welfare of the people—Llywydd, perhaps I should say the ‘gwerin’. It led to that amazing battle with the House of Lords and one of the funniest quips in our political history, when he said that the House of Lords is
‘not the watchdog of the constitution, but Mr Balfour's poodle’.
Well, perhaps it went down better in Edwardian times. [Laughter.]
Lloyd George is among our greatest Prime Ministers. Of his contemporaries, only Churchill and Atlee surpassed him—Churchill by ensuring victory in an even grimmer conflict; Atlee by forging a peacetime consensus for a welfare state. Yet, in his range, he had no equal. In periods of war and peace, Lloyd George displayed the highest statecraft. Llywydd, we live in a period of remarkable social and geopolitical change, and it is fitting that we should be inspired by the achievements of Lloyd George, which tackled challenges that were deeper still.
The chancellor of the exchequer is the government's chief financial minister and as such is responsible for raising government revenue through taxation or borrowing and for controlling overall government spending.
The chancellor's plans for the economy are delivered to the House of Commons every year in the Budget speech.
The chancellor is the most senior figure at the Treasury, even though the prime minister holds an additional title of 'First Lord of the Treasury'. He normally resides at Number 11 Downing Street.
The house of Lords is the upper chamber of the Houses of Parliament. It is filled with Lords (I.E. Lords, Dukes, Baron/esses, Earls, Marquis/esses, Viscounts, Count/esses, etc.) The Lords consider proposals from the EU or from the commons. They can then reject a bill, accept it, or make amendments. If a bill is rejected, the commons can send it back to the lords for re-discussion. The Lords cannot stop a bill for longer than one parliamentary session. If a bill is accepted, it is forwarded to the Queen, who will then sign it and make it law. If a bill is amended, the amended bill is sent back to the House of Commons for discussion.
The Lords are not elected; they are appointed. Lords can take a "whip", that is to say, they can choose a party to represent. Currently, most Peers are Conservative.
Ministers make up the Government and almost all are members of the House of Lords or the House of Commons. There are three main types of Minister. Departmental Ministers are in charge of Government Departments. The Government is divided into different Departments which have responsibilities for different areas. For example the Treasury is in charge of Government spending. Departmental Ministers in the Cabinet are generally called 'Secretary of State' but some have special titles such as Chancellor of the Exchequer. Ministers of State and Junior Ministers assist the ministers in charge of the department. They normally have responsibility for a particular area within the department and are sometimes given a title that reflects this - for example Minister of Transport.
