Oral Answers to Questions — Naval and Military Pensions and Grants. – in the House of Commons at on 14 February 1924.
Lieut-Colonel James Hodge
, Preston
asked the Prime Minister if he will consider the advisability of appointing a Royal Commission to inquire into the best means of liquidating in whole or in greater part the National Debt?
Mr Philip Snowden
, Colne Valley
I would refer my hon. Friend to the statement made on Tuesday by the Prime Minister. Steps are being taken to appoint an expert Committee accordingly. If the hon. Member will put down a question for Tuesday, I hope to be able to give the terms of reference.
Lieut-Colonel James Hodge
, Preston
Will this Committee have the same powers as a Royal Commission?
Mr Fredric Wise
, Ilford
How many will be on the Committee?
Mr Philip Snowden
, Colne Valley
I cannot, answer that. question definitely at the moment, hut we are very anxious that the Committee should not be too large, and I shall probably confine it to nine or ten. I am afraid that. I cannot answer the question as to the difference between the 1 ewers of a Royal Commission and such a Committee as we propose to set up. I have experience of many Royal Commissions and Committees, and have not yet been able to find out exactly what is the difference between the two.
Sir William Mitchell-Thomson
, Croydon South
Is this to be a Departmental Committee?
Mr Philip Snowden
, Colne Valley
It is to be a Committee set up by the Treasury.
Lieut-Colonel James Hodge
, Preston
Is it intended to include on this Committee a Majority of representatives of this House?
Mr Philip Snowden
, Colne Valley
It is not my intention to appoint any Member of this House.
Mr Arthur Samuel
, Farnham
Will the right hon. Gentleman appoint on this Committee representatives of non-political, great commercial bodies in this country?
Mr Philip Snowden
, Colne Valley
I cannot at the moment, or for some time, announce the composition of the Committee. Hon. Members will understand that it takes time to communicate with the persons whom we desire to serve, but I think that I am justified in saying that when we do make, the announcement of the constitution, it will give universal satisfaction and command general confidence.
Mr Neville Chamberlain
, Birmingham, Ladywood
Will any opportunity be given to this House of discussing the terms of reference?
Mr Philip Snowden
, Colne Valley
I am afraid not.
Mr Arthur Samuel
, Farnham
Will the Committee report to the House or to the Cabinet?
The term "majority" is used in two ways in Parliament. Firstly a Government cannot operate effectively unless it can command a majority in the House of Commons - a majority means winning more than 50% of the votes in a division. Should a Government fail to hold the confidence of the House, it has to hold a General Election. Secondly the term can also be used in an election, where it refers to the margin which the candidate with the most votes has over the candidate coming second. To win a seat a candidate need only have a majority of 1.
The cabinet is the group of twenty or so (and no more than 22) senior government ministers who are responsible for running the departments of state and deciding government policy.
It is chaired by the prime minister.
The cabinet is bound by collective responsibility, which means that all its members must abide by and defend the decisions it takes, despite any private doubts that they might have.
Cabinet ministers are appointed by the prime minister and chosen from MPs or peers of the governing party.
However, during periods of national emergency, or when no single party gains a large enough majority to govern alone, coalition governments have been formed with cabinets containing members from more than one political party.
War cabinets have sometimes been formed with a much smaller membership than the full cabinet.
From time to time the prime minister will reorganise the cabinet in order to bring in new members, or to move existing members around. This reorganisation is known as a cabinet re-shuffle.
The cabinet normally meets once a week in the cabinet room at Downing Street.